基于GPS数据的北京郊区就业者工作与通勤行为特征研究——以上地信息产业园为例

STUDY ON FEATURES OF WORK AND COMMUTING BEHAVIOR OF SUBURB WORKERS: A CASE OF SHANGDI AREA IN BEIJING

城市空间快速扩张及郊区中心的崛起,带来多中心城市结构的演变及一系列城市问题。已有研究较少针对对郊区就业者的工作与通勤行为,未能全面地反映新职住"空间错位"。本文基于2012年对北京上地就业者的日常活动与出行调查数据得出以下结论:(1)主动郊区化的侧面通勤者体现出典型的郊区生活方式:"朝九晚六"、加班明显,生活活动空间更加广域化。(2)在郊区化过程中被动调整的逆通勤者职住距离最长、依赖公共交通通勤、"早出晚归"、错峰出行、生活活动空间呈现以家和工作地为主的"两极化"特征。(3)郊区中心内部相对职住接近的就地通勤者,在享受工作与通勤便利性(如职住接近、"晚出早归")的同时活动空间高度隔离集中在郊区中心。

With the rapid development of China, urban spatial expansion and the rise of suburban center brings about the evolution of the polycentric urban structure. This article is based on a GPS-based activity survey in Beijing in 2012, applies a time-geographic research framework, using a whole week of activity dairy and their GPS trajectory as the data foundation. By analyzing the commuting features of 229 samples of suburb workers in Shang-di information industrial park with the methodology of time-geography, studies have shown that： 1） The fast growing surburban employment center attracts mainly well-educated, unmar- ried young groups, of whom lateral commuters take up the most and outward commuters the least; 2） Among three types of commuters, lateral comuters are believed to live an ＂active suburbanization＂ lifestyle, who are typical ＂Nine to Six＂ workers with larger living space, high tendency to work overtime and longest commut- ing time, this group might shows the substantive features as surburban workers; 3） Outward commuters, which was a result caused by the new types of spatial mismatch of city structure, have to make passive ad- justment to employment suburbanization, whose living space shapes like dual-core （based on home and working site）. They relies on public transpotation most, living a ＂staggered shifts＂and ＂early departure and late return＂ lifestyle. 4）job-housing balanced commters enjoy the convenience short job-housing distance, sharing a ＂late departure and early return＂ lifestyle but strongly likely to be isolated in the center of the suburbs.