沉积静电纺聚丙烯腈纳米纤维膜窗纱的制备及其性能

Preparation and properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber coated window screen

为提升室内空气质量,采用纳米静电纺丝技术,在传统的玻璃纤维窗纱上沉积聚丙烯腈(PAN)纳米纤维膜,制备具有防PM_(2.5)作用的窗纱。探讨了PAN纺丝液质量分数、窗纱基材对纤维微观形貌的影响,考察了窗纱的透光性、透气性和防PM_(2.5)效果。结果表明:PAN纺丝液质量分数为10%,电压为20 kV,时间为0.5 h条件下,制备的纤维直径分布均匀,平均直径约为225 nm;PAN纳米纤维膜在窗纱纱棱处沉积较厚,而在窗纱空隙处沉积较薄,这种结构增加了纳米纤维膜与窗纱的连接力;PAN纳米纤维膜使窗纱透光率下降12%,透气率下降35%;随着过滤测试时间的增加,PM_(2.5)吸附效果显著,窗纱表面吸附物中含有机官能团,室内空气质量变好;测试2 h后,对PM_(2.5)的截留率达到63%,窗纱的透光性、透气性随PM_(2.5)吸附程度的增加而下降。

In order to improve the indoor air quality,polyacrylonitrile（PAN） nanofibers were coated on conventional glass-fiber screen by electrospinning to prepare anti PM2.5 window screen.The influence of spinning solution concentration and base material of the window screen on the microstructure of the electrospun nanofibers were studied,and the anti PM2.5 effect,transparent and air permeability of the window screen were also investigated.The results show that when the concentration of PAN spinning solution is 10%,the voltage is 20 kV and the time is 0.5 h,the well-distributed nanofibers with mean diameters of 170 nm can be formed.On the window screen surface,the PAN films are deposited on the warp and weft yarn with a thickness greater than those deposited on the gap of the window screen.This structure improves the connected force of the nanofiber film with the window screen and the permeability of the window screen.However,the transparency of the window screen decreases by 12% and air permeability decreases by 35% due to the deposition of PAN nanofibers.With the increasing of PM2.5 testing time,the adsorption effect is increased.Some organic functional groups are adsorbed on the screen surface.Then the indoor air quality becomes better.After 2 h testing,the rejection ratio of PM2.5 reaches 63%.With the increasing of PM2.5 adsorption,the transparency and air permeability of the window screen decrease correspondingly.