怀集地区农村居民两周患病现状及影响因素分析

Two-Week Diseased Situation of Rural Residents and Its Influential Factors in Huaiji County

目的了解怀集地区15岁及以上农村居民两周患病现状并分析其影响因素,为制定改善该地区农村居民卫生服务策略提供科学依据。方法运用多阶段分层系统抽样方法,抽取该地区3个乡镇的15岁及以上828名村民为调查对象。采用入户匿名访问方式,调查其两周患病现状,并进行统计学分析。结果自报两周内患病者214人,两周患病率为25.85%,两周患病按疾病病种分类前5位分别为高血压(45.2%)、糖尿病(14.7%)、肺心病(6.2%)、感冒(5.2%)、胃肠炎(3.4%)。不同性别、年龄、文化程度、人均年收入以及是否患有慢性疾病农村居民的两周患病率之间差异具有统计学意义(χ~2分别为4.99、10.705、70.072、5.126、10.046,P分别为0.025、0.013、0.000、0.007、0.002)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别(OR=6.298)、年龄(OR=0.031)、文化程度(OR=4.989)、人均年收入(OR=1.890)和患慢性疾病(OR=24.733)是该地区农村居民两周患病的主要影响因素。结论重点关注该地区老年、男性、文化程度低以及患有慢性疾病农村居民的卫生服务需求,提高其自我保健的能力,提高全体居民的健康水平。

Objective To investigate the health state and health need of 15 years old and above,so as to provide scientific references for formulating the corresponding health policy. Methods The 828 residents were selected by multistage stratified cluster sampling method from 3 township,and the data were collected by using self-made questionnaire. The investigated contents included basic information of individuals,two-week diseased situation and related factors,etc. Results 214 residents were signed up for two weeks disease,and the two-week morbidity rate was 25. 85 %. The top 5 illnesses that residents had within two week were hypertension（ 45. 2 %）,diabetes（ 14. 7 %）,pulmonary heart disease（ 6. 2 %）,cold（ 5. 2%）. The differences of two-week morbidity rate between different gender,age,educational level,per capita income and whether suffering from chronic diseases had statistical significance,respectively（ x^2 were 4. 99,10. 705,70. 072,5. 126,and 10. 046. P was 0. 025,0. 013,0. 007 and 0. 002）. The result of Logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were significantly associated with the effect： gender（ OR = 6. 298）,age（ OR = 0. 031）,education level（ OR =4. 989）,per capita income（ OR = 1. 890） and chronic disease（ OR = 24. 733）. Conclusion We should pay more attention to the needs of the elderly,men,low education level and chronic diseases in the region,so as to improve their self-care ability and improve the health level of all residents.