空气污染对环卫工人呼吸道症状和肺功能的影响

Effect of Air Pollution on Respiratory Infection Symptoms and Pulmonary Function of Sanitation Workers

目的探讨空气污染对环卫工人呼吸道症状、肺功能的影响及防霾口罩佩戴的作用。方法 103名环卫工人分为观察组和对照组,观察期间观察组佩戴N95防霾口罩,对照组不进行干预。分析比较两组呼吸系统症状的发生率和肺功能相关参数。结果与观察前比较,观察后第6个月,对照组具有呼吸道症状人数比例上升,肺功能各项指标均下降;而观察组具有呼吸道症状人数比例下降,肺功能各项指标均上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论空气污染可致环卫工人肺功能下降,合理佩戴防霾口罩能一定程度上预防空气污染所致的肺功能下降。

Objective To explore the effect of air pollution on respiratory infection symptoms and pulmonary function of sanitation workers and the role of anti-haze mask in reducing the infection symptoms. Methods Sanitation workers（ n =103） were chosen as the subjects of study and divided into an observation group and a control group. The observation group was subjected to the use of N95 anti-haze mask during work hours outdoors while the control group was subjected to sanitation work without the use of anti-haze mask. The incidence of respiratory infection symptoms and pulmonary function parameters of the two groups were compared. Results Compared with before study,six months after intervention,the incidence rate of respiratory infection in the control group increased with the indexes of pulmonary function decreased; the incidence rate of respiratory infection in the observation group decreased while all indexes of pulmonary function increased.The differences were statistically significant（ P〈0.05）. Conclusions Air pollution can impair the pulmonary function of the sanitation workers. Use of anti-haze mask can prevent the weakening of lung function resulting from air pollution.