社区老人阿尔茨海默病表现的知晓度对社会支持·社会资本的影响研究

Influence of Awareness of Alzheimer's Disease in Community Elderly on Social Support and Social Capital

目的分析社区老人对阿尔茨海默病表现的知晓度与社会支持及社会资本之间的相关性,为提高社区老人对该疾病的知晓度提供新的建议。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,在中国杭州市四个街道各随机抽取150位年龄为60岁以上的社区在住老人进行现场调查,了解老人对阿尔茨海默病表现的的知晓度,知晓度分为思维知晓、适应知晓与治疗知晓三个模块,主因子为思维知晓。结果被试社区老人对阿尔茨海默病表现的知晓度的不同维度对社会支持与社会资本具有影响(P<0.05),记忆退化会导致老年人丧失社会支持,交流障碍会导致老年人缺少社会资本。结论提高社区老人对阿尔茨海默病表现的知晓度,需要从思维理解进行优化,注重理解的不同维度对社会支持与社会资本的影响,提高社区老人对阿尔茨海默病的预防能力。

Objective To investigate the correlation between community elderly people＇s knowledge of Alzheimer＇s disease and the social support as well as social capital in an attempt to develop new approaches for enhancing community elderly people＇s knowledge of the disease. Methods Firstly,by means of stratified cluster sampling method,600 elderly people（ whose ages being over 60 years） from four different communities were at random chosen as the subjects of study.Secondly,a on-the-spot survey was conducted with a view to assessing the subjects＇ knowledge of the disease,which consists of three modules,namely,cognitive knowledge,adaptability knowledge and treatment knowledge,with cognitive knowledge being the main factor. Results The different dimensions of knowledge of Alzheimer＇s disease in the elderly have an impact on social support and social capital（ P〈0.05）. Memory degradation can lead to the loss of social support for the elderly. Communication barriers can lead to the lack of social capital for the elderly. Conclusions To optimize the community elderly people＇s knowledge of Alzheimer ＇ s disease necessitates their cognition of the disease. The different dimensions of knowledge can impose impact on social support and social capital for the elderly. More efforts should be made to improve the ability of the community elderly to prevent Alzheimer＇s disease.