120例呼吸衰竭患者医院感染病原菌耐药特征及抗菌药物使用情况分析

Characteristics of Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Hospital Infection and Antibiotics Selection in 120 Patients with Respiratory Failure

目的探讨呼吸衰竭患者医院感染病原菌耐药特征,分析抗菌药物使用情况,为临床降低呼吸衰竭患者医院感染提供参考依据。方法观察120例呼吸衰竭患者住院期间医院感染率,分析常见病原菌的耐药特征及抗菌药物使用情况。结果 120例呼吸衰竭患者发生医院感染10例,感染率为8.33%;共分离出病原菌20株,其中革兰阴性菌14株占70.0%,革兰阳性菌4株占20.0%,真菌2株占10.0%;革兰阴性菌对阿米卡星、亚胺培南、美罗培南的敏感率为100.00%;革兰阳性菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、头孢唑林以及左氧氟沙星的耐药率均达100.00%。结论呼吸衰竭患者医院感染病原菌主要以革兰阴性菌为主,且对喹诺酮类抗菌药物敏感性较高。

Objective To understand the characteristics of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria from hospital infection in respiratory failure patients and analyze the use of antibiotics so as to obtain scientific knowledge for developing effective measures to reduce hospital infection in respiratory failure patients. Methods Firstly,the rate of nosocomial infection in the120 patients of respiratory failure was observed and then the characteristics of drug resistance of common pathogenic bacteria and the use of antimicrobial agents were analyzed. Results 10 of the 120 patients of respiratory failure became victims of hospital infection,the infection rate being 8.33%. 20 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,which included 14（ 70%）strains of gram-negative bacteria,4（ 20%） strains of gram-positive bacteria,and 2（ 10%） strains of fungi. The sensitivity rate of gram-negative bacteria to amikacin,imipenem and meropeem was 100.00%. Gram-positive bacteria＇s resistance to penicillin,ampicillin,cefazolin as well as levofloxacin was 100. 00%. Conclusions Hospital infection in respiratory failure patients was mainly induced by gram-negative bacteria,which bear higher resistance to quinolone antibacterial drugs.