“开放发展”中的粮食权:中国非法转基因粮食进口的法律规制

The Right to Grain for Open Development: Legal Regulation on Importation of Illegal Genetically Modified Grain in China

目前,我国肯定进口转基因粮食的"研究和试验"用途。未来《粮食法》要有效区分合法转基因粮食与非法转基因粮食,禁止非法转基因粮食的商业化进口。开放发展是新发展理念之一,开放发展并非随意"开放"、全盘"开放",而是在合法"开放"基础上实现"安全发展"。非法转基因粮食进口直接冲击国内粮食供给、粮食质量、粮食价格,违背开放发展理念的初衷,严重侵蚀粮食权的实现。我国应当在转基因粮食进口准入前进行全面风险评估,严防人体试验;进口当期要加强市场准入规制,以强制标识为核心推动严格检测;在后续处理中加强责任追究与法律救济,拓宽巨额赔偿途径。转基因问题关乎我国国民身体素质和中华民族的长远发展,必须正确对待"开放发展",为粮食权而奋斗。

The genetically modified grain for research and test purpose could be legal in China. The legal genetically modified grain should be distinguished from illegal genetically modified grain on Grain Act and the latter should be prohibited from commercial importation. The open development is one of the new development concepts. It is neither the opening at will nor whole opening,but the security development based on the legal opening. Genetically modified grain has harmful effect on grain supply,quality and price,which will violate the original intention of open development and infringe upon the right to grain. Whole risk assessment should be conducted before importation of genetically modified grain and human body tests should be prohibited. For market access,mandatory identification and strict testing in the course of importation could be used to guard against illegal genetically modified grain. Responsibility investigation and legal remedy should be enhanced to broaden the ways of huge compensation in the post-process. As genetically modified grain problems have serious influence on national physical fitness and national long-term development,we should keep open development in the correct way and struggle for the right to grain in China.