秦巴山片区旅游扶贫效率测度及精准优化研究

Measure and Precise Optimization of Tsinling Mountains Area Tourism Poverty Alleviation Efficiency

以秦巴山集中连片特困区为例,运用数据包络分析法测算秦巴山区2006—2015年的旅游扶贫效率,并结合Malmquist指数评价其效率形态。结果表明:研究区旅游扶贫效率不足且区域差异大,2011—2015年旅游扶贫效率明显下降,片区规划中的重点城市旅游扶贫效率存在较大的上升空间;区域旅游扶贫生产率指数变动主要是受技术进步指数波动的影响,因此秦巴山片区旅游业的技术进步是提高该地区旅游扶贫生产率水平的重要途径。为提升片区旅游扶贫效率,应根据潜力型、朝阳型、黄金型和夕阳型四种效率形态分布类型采取不同的旅游扶贫策略,同时应对投入目标值进行优化分析,采取精准旅游扶贫优化策略。

Tourism poverty alleviation gained more attention by foreign and domestic tourism researchers and even government organizations as an important means of poverty alleviation,tourism poverty alleviation efficiency was also a hot issue of tourism research.Taking Tsinling Mountains Area as an example,this paper used data envelopment analysis（ DEA） to measure the tourism poverty alleviation efficiency in 2006-2015,combined with Malmquist index to evaluate the efficiency of configuration. The results showed that tourism poverty alleviation was inefficient in all years and even declines in 2011-2015,tourism poverty alleviation efficiency also had big regional difference in Tsinling Mountains Area,and tourism poverty alleviation efficiency of key planning cites in the area had upside potential,the technical efficiency of tourism poverty alleviation in Tsinling Mountains area was more close to ideal value than overall efficiency and scale efficiency. The fluctuation of area’ s productivity index was mainly influenced by technological progress index,Improvement of technological progress was an important path of improvement the productivity of tourism poverty alleviation in Tsinling Mountains Area. In order to improve tourism poverty alleviation efficiency,it should be taken accurate optimization strategy based on the potential,Zhaoyang,gold,the setting sun four kinds of the efficiency of distribution type,and optimization analysis about input target of tourism resources. The optimization strategies of precision poverty alleviation should promote the tourism receipts in some cities and enhance the construction of tourism infrastructure in other cities to accommodate the increasing tourists from both home and abroad.