权力转移背景下东盟多边外交战略的演变、特点及挑战

The Evolution,Characteristics and Challenges of ASEAN Multilateral Diplomatic Strategy in the Background of Power Transfer

冷战后,东盟实施多边外交战略,采取多头下注和风险对冲等策略,在大国间开展平衡外交。东盟为提升多边外交的有效性,在加强自身能力建设的同时,通过主导多边合作机制增强与大国和国际组织的多边合作关系,加快实施海洋安全等各功能领域的行动计划,扩大和其他地区国际组织、国际机制之间的合作,提升其在亚太地区和全球性问题上的影响力,从而将以东盟为中心的点线体系结构构建成立体多维的体系结构。但东盟在大国间摇摆、内部协调不一致等问题会影响东盟多边外交战略的实施。在亚太地区大国均无力建立区域霸权的格局下,东盟虽无力解决大国间的纷争,但能在一定程度上防止大国紧张关系升级,发挥亚太地区国际关系过渡期的稳定阀的作用。

After the Cold War,ASEAN has implemented a multilateral diplomatic strategy and adopted strategies such as multiple bets and risk hedging to carry out balanced diplomacy between major powers. ASEAN intends to enhance the effectiveness of multilateral diplomatic strategies. Therefore it strengthens its own capacity and multilateral cooperation with major countries,regional and international organizations in order to maintain its centrality and integrity. It implements action plans for various functional areas such as marine safety,expands cooperation with other regional organizations and mechanisms,and then enhances its influence on the Asia-Pacific region and global issues through leading multilateral cooperation. Thus it transforms a dotted line structure centered on ASEAN into a multidimensional structure. However,the ASEAN＇s swing between major powers and inconsistent internal coordination will also affect the implementation of its multilateral diplomatic strategy. In a situation where major powers in the Asia-Pacific region are unable to establish regional hegemony,although ASEAN is unable to solve disputes between major powers,it can prevent escalation of tensions among them to a certain extent and play a role in stabilizing the international relations in the Asia-Pacific region during the transitional period.