白果越橘组织培养和快速繁殖技术研究

Study on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Vaccinium leucobotrys

白果越橘(Vaccinium leucobotrys Nutt.)是杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)越橘属(Vaccinium)唯一白果类型的种,在越橘育种工作中具有重要的价值。以白果越橘果实中的新鲜种子、干种子及植株嫩茎段为外植体,对白果越橘进行了组织培养技术研究。结果表明:白果越橘成熟果实中的新鲜种子和嫩茎段是白果越橘组织培养适宜的外植体;WPM+1.0 mg/L ZT较有利于白果越橘种子及嫩茎段腋芽萌发和生长,WPM+0.5 mg/L ZT有利于白果越橘的大量增殖;白果越橘种子萌发后,在茎的基部有椭圆形淡绿色的组织形成;培养基pH值对其增殖有很大影响,pH值为5.4最有利于白果越橘的增殖;细腐殖土是一种较理想的扦插基质,可以替代苔藓和草炭土作为蓝莓试管苗的扦插基质。

Vaccinium leucobotrys Nutt.is a sole white-fruit-type plant species in Vaccinium of Ericaceae,and it has an important value in the breeding of huckleberry.The tissue culture techniques of V.leucobotrys were studied by using its fresh seeds,dry seeds or tender stems as explants.The results showed that the appropriate explants for the issue culture of V.leucobotrys were the fresh seeds in ripe fruit and the tender stems.The culture medium WPM＋ 1.0 mg/L ZT was more conducive to the germination of seeds and the growth of axillary buds in tender stems.The culture medium WPM supplemented with 0.5 mg/L ZT was beneficial to the large amount of proliferation of V.leucobotrys.After seed germination,an oval and absinthe-green tissue formed on the base of the stem.The pH-value of culture medium had a great effect on the propagation of V.leucobotrys,and pH 5.4 was the best for its propagation.Thin humus soil is a kind of ideal cutting substrate,and it can replace moss and turfy soil to be used as the cutting substrate of huckleberry plantlets.