微生物颗粒复合肥的研制与特性研究

Development and Characterization of A Granular Compound Biofertilizer

为了减少化学肥料的施用量和有效利用低品位磷矿石,采用微生物与尿素复合研制出一种微生物颗粒复合肥。该肥料含有20%的80目含磷20%的磷矿粉、50%尿素、10%碳酸钙、10%羧甲基淀粉钠和5%解淀粉芽孢杆菌B9601-Y2、5%胶质类芽孢杆菌K3,有效菌量为5×10~6CFU/g,含水量为5%,颗粒直径约0.3 cm。盆栽试验结果表明,与不施肥空白对照相比,施用该微生物颗粒复合肥能提高35.90%玉米根长、36.82%型高和63.93%鲜重;与多施5%尿素的无菌颗粒肥相比,仍能提高14.20%玉米根长、10.10%型高和14.28%鲜重。该微生物颗粒复合肥在10%以上含水量的土壤中易于崩解,其中的2个菌株稳定性好,且能在红壤土中很好地定殖。

In order to reduce the application rate of chemical fertilizer,and to effectively use low-grade phosphate ore,we adopted microbes and urea to develop a granular compound biofertilizer（GCB）.This GCB consists of 20% 80-mesh ground phosphate rock containing 20% phosphorus,50% urea,10% calcium carbonate,10% sodium carboxymethyl starch,5% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B9601-Y2,5% Paenibacillus mucilaginosus K3,and 5% water; the effective bacterial quantity of this GCB reaches 5× 10^6 CFU/g,and its particle diameter is about 0.3 cm.The results of pot experiment showed that：in comparison with the blank control without fertilization,applying this GCB could increase the root length,type height,and fresh weight of maize seedlings by 35.90%,36.82% and 63.93%,respectively; as compared with using the granular compound fertilizer without microbes and with 5% more urea,using this GCB also could increase the root length,type height,and fresh weight of maize seedlings by 14.20%,10.10% and 14.28%,separately.The GCB disintegrated easily in the soil with 10% more water content,and its two microbial strains were stable and could well colonize in red loam.