采棉机摘锭磨损机理分析

Wear Mechanism Analysis on Spindle of Cotton Picker

摘锭是采棉机的关键零部件,目前市场化的摘锭表面进行电镀铬处理提高耐磨性,其性能直接影响采棉机的工作效率及运营成本。通过分析采棉机摘锭的工作原理和实地跟踪采棉机的田间工作,考察了摘锭在整个采季的采棉过程,借助扫描电子显微镜、三维表面白光干涉仪测试了摘锭不同阶段的磨损形貌,与初始表面形貌对比分析了摘锭的磨损形式为磨粒磨损占主导。进一步结合摘锭磨损形貌分析,构建了摘锭在脱棉过程中的摩擦力模型,其结果有助于分析摘锭表面磨损形貌形成规律和磨损机理。

Cotton picker is a carrier of mechanization of cotton harvesting,in which the spindle is the key component of cotton picker,whose performance directly affects harvesting rate of the cotton picker. To improve the wear resistance of spindles,their working surfaces are usually coated with a chromium layer. The working principle of the cotton picker was analyzed and the working process in the field was investigated. A field test was conducted to study the evolution process of microstructures of spindle＇s worn surface. The morphology of the surface coating was measured by scanning wear scarusing MICROXAM-3 D and SEM. By comparing the 3 D surface topographies of the worn spindles collected in field work with the new ones,abrasive wear was the dominant mechanism. Based on the analysis of the wear morphology of the spindles,the model of friction force on the spindle＇s surface was established during the process of cotton removed. It is helpful to reveal the evolution process of microstructures of worn surface and wear mechanism of the spindle.