车联网环境下道路交通事故链阻断效率评价方法研究

A Blocking Efficiency Evaluation Method for Chains of Road Traffic Incident in IOV Environment

为了解决车联网环境下道路交通事故链(Chains of Road Traffic Incident,CRTI)阻断系统的阻断效率问题,综合考虑阻断代价的经济性、阻断过程的稳定性和阻断技术的可靠性,并以阻断技术可靠性、阻断过程稳定性和阻断代价经济性作为阻断策略分析指标,率先提出了1种车联网环境下动态的、实时的CRTI阻断效率评价算法。危险源是导致事故发生的根本原因,危险度由危险源决定,且危险度的大小能够反映出事故发生的可能性和严重程度,因此以危险源和危险度为评价指标,将危险源分成两大类,并建立"人-车-路-环境"危险度模型以及综合评价函数模型。通过实时筛选、获取车辆周围的危险源,判断是否需要阻断,寻找最优的阻断策略及阻断节点,并计算阻断事故链前后的危险源和危险度,将获取的阻断前后危险源和危险度代入评价函数模型,获取评价函数取值范围,最后通过分析阻断前后危险度对比以及代价函数的取值,实现对阻断效率的综合评价。结果表明:阻断系统能够将行车危险度基本降到3以下,保证了行车安全,总体使行车危险度降低40%左右,保证车辆处于安全状态,并且阻断CRTI成功率达到了90%以上,表明阻断系统能够阻断CRTI的产生;通过评价函数的综合评价,代价值基本在0~1之间,表明阻断系统的阻断效率较高,可较好地实现对CRTI阻断效率的定性、定量综合评价。

In IOV（Internet of Vehicles）environment,in view of the efficiency of chains of road traffic incident （Chains of Road Traffic Incident, CRTI） blocking system, the reliability of blocking technique, the stability of blocking process and the economics of blocking cost were used as indicators of blocking strategy analysis, the first proposed a dynamic and real-time CRTI blocking efficiency evaluation algorithm in IOV environment. Risk sources are the root cause of the accident, the risk degree is determined by the risk sources, and it can show the possibility and severity of the accident, so the risk sources and the risk degree were taken as the evaluation indexes, risk sources were divided into two categories, the ＂driver-car-road-environment＂ risk degree and comprehensive evaluation function model were established. The risk sources could be obtained and screened in real-time for judging whether it needs to be blocked, then the optimal blocking strategy and blocking node was find, and the risk sources and risk degree were calculated before and after blocking,then the value range of the evaluation function was obtained through the substitution of the value of risk sources and risk degree. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation of blocking efficiency was achieved by analyzing the value comparison of the risk degree and the range of the cost function. The results show that the block system make the risk degree below 3 by comparing the risk degree before and after blocking, and ensure the traffic safety, overall, the driving risk is reduced by about 40%, so that the vehicle is in a safe state, and the success rate of blocking the CRTI is over 90%, shows that the blocking system can block the occurrence of CRTI; Through the comprehensive evaluation of the evaluation function, the cost value is basically between 0-1, indicating that the blocking efficiency of the blocking system is higher, and the comprehensive evaluation of CRTI blocking efficiency is achieved qualitatively and quantitatively.