基于模拟测算的铁路货运承运清算激励导向效果研究

A Study on the Motivational Effect on the New Settlement Calculation of Rail Freight Fees based on Simulation Calculation

铁路货运行业清算对运输企业的经营绩效影响重大,清算办法具有较强的导向性作用。2017年年底中国铁路总公司出台并实施货运承运清算办法,直观反映新清算办法带来的激励导向变化。按照相同直通运距和变化直通运距2种情况,采用4号和5号运价进行模拟测算。结果表明,货运承运清算模式下,发送(承运)企业能够获得更多的清算收入,从而体现出明显的货运市场营销激励导向,同时有利于改善我国综合交通运输体系结构的合理性,以及有效促进铁路市场化发展的可持续性。

Rail freight settlement calculation carries much weight in rail transportation enterprises＇ performance, and plays a guiding role in the industry. The implementation of a new calculation to settle rail freight fees by China Railway Corporation in later 2017 has brought the intended motivation changes. This paper has conducts a simulation calculation of No. 4 and No. 5 freight rates for either constant or variable haul distance respectively. The results show that under the new settlement calculation which is more market-oriented, the transport enterprises（the carriers） will gain more revenues. In the meanwhile, it＇s beneficial to improve the structure of China＇s comprehensive transportation system, and promote sustainable and market-oriented development of railway in China.