福利获得、健康状况与城市老年人的主观幸福感——基于南京、成都、天津和兰州四城市的问卷调查

Welfare Acquisition, Health Status and the Subjective Well-being of the Urban Elderly: Based on a Survey in Four Cities

老年人的主观幸福感是反映其老年生活质量的重要指标。基于南京、成都、天津和兰州四城市的问卷调查,研究发现健康状况和福利获得对老年人的幸福感有显著影响。健康状况对城市老年人的幸福感有着积极的作用,不良的健康状态对城市老年人幸福感有负面的影响。对福利获得变量来说,社区福利的获得能够促进老年人的幸福感的提升,社会救助福利的获得对老年人的幸福感有负面的影响,医疗和养老保险对老年人的幸福感没有显著的影响。要提升城市老年人的主观幸福感,需要重视居民健康和福利获得这两个方面。

Subjective well-being is an important indicator to the quality of life of the el- derly. Based on the survey of four cities in Nanjing, Chengdu, Tianjin and Lanzhou, the study finds that health status and welfare are significantly to the well-being of the elderly. Good health status has a positive effect on the well-being of the urban elderly, while poor health status has a negative impact. For welfare access variables, the acquisition of community benefits is positive, the benefit from social assistance is negative, while the impact of medical and pension insurance is not significant. To enhance the subjective well-being of urban elderly, residents＇ health and welfare acquisition should be taken into account.