黄酒中生物胺对小鼠血糖血脂的影响及安全性研究

Effect of biogenic amines in Chinese rice wine on blood glucose and lipid metabolism of mice

目的:探究黄酒中存在的生物胺对机体可能产生的危害,初步评价其潜在的安全性风险及促进健康的可能性。方法:将4周龄雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为5组(N=10),使用生理盐水、酒精、生物胺、黄酒、黄酒+9倍生物胺,分别持续灌胃30 d,观察受试小鼠的生长及健康状态的变化。实验后采用称重法测定受试小鼠免疫脏器系数和血清生化检测法测定受试小鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、血糖(GLU)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)水平。结果:实验期间小鼠生长状况良好,未出现中毒及死亡症状,体重增长和脏器系数未出现显著的异常。投用生物胺和黄酒+9倍生物胺的小鼠BUN含量显著低于空白对照小鼠(P<0.05);生物胺组、黄酒+9倍生物胺组小鼠的血糖明显高于空白对照组和酒精对照组的小鼠(P<0.05);生物胺对照组、黄酒组、黄酒+9倍生物胺组小鼠的HDL-C水平均明显低于空白对照组小鼠(P<0.05);黄酒+9倍生物胺组小鼠的TG含量比酒精对照组小鼠低(P<0.05),生物胺对照组小鼠的TG含量明显低于黄酒组小鼠(P<0.05)。结论:限量饮用黄酒不会引起脏器、肝肾功能、血糖的明显改变,长期饮用可能会有引起HDL-C水平下降的风险;黄酒及所含生物胺可能具有缓和酒精引起TG异常的功能,但是黄酒及所含生物胺的生理功能及作用机制还应在今后的研究中详细地证明和解析。

Objective： This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and function of Chinese rice wine from the potential hazards of biogenic amines inside. Methods： Total 50 of male Kunming mices aged 4 week old were randomly divided into five groups（N=10）. These mice were orally fed with alcohol, Chinese rice wine, biogenic amines, Chinese rice wine supplemented with biogenic amines, respectively for 30 days, and the growth and health condition of these tested mice were carefully monitored. After study, the tested mice were scarified for measuring immune organ index and the blood was collected for analyzing alanine aminotransferase（ALT）, aspartate transaminase（AST）, creatinine（Cr）, blood urea nitrogen（BUN）, blood glucose（GLU）, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）, triglyceride（TG） and total cholesterol（TC） in the blood serum. Results： The tested mice grew well, and death and symptoms of poisoning were not observed. Nothing wrong was also found in weight and index of immune organs. Biogenic amines and Chinese rice wine supplemented with biogenic amines was significantly decreased BUN level compared to blank control group（p〈0.05）. Biogenic amines and Chinese rice wine supplemented with biogenic amines group also significantly increased GLU level than blank control and alcohol control（p〈0.05）. Biogenic amines, Chinese rice wine and Chinese rice wine supplemented with biogenic amines, significantly decreased HDL-C level of the tested mice than blank（p〈0.05）. TG level of the tested mice expected to Chinese rice wine supplement with biogenic amines was significantly lower than that of alcohol control group, while Chinese rice wine group was significantly increased than the level in biogenic amines control group（p〈0.05）. Conclusion： There might be not risk for Chinese rice wine to damage kidney function, increase blood GLU level, and decrease of HDL-C in the general recommended level of Chinese rice wine administration. The alcohol might increase serum TG, while biogenic amines might alleviate the abnormal serum TG metabolism caused by alcohol. However, such function of biogenic amines and underlying mechanism should be evaluated in the further studies.