对“共同价值”现象的马克思主义诠释

On“Common Values”: A Marxist Perspective

习近平指出:"和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由,是全人类的共同价值,也是联合国的崇高目标。"理解"共同价值"应从马克思主义、从"事情本身"的现象学立场出发,而不是误把它们混同于自己或其他人的"共同价值"观念。在学理上,这要求澄清马克思文本中的价值立场,而不是从自身的价值观念出发对马克思的文本进行剪裁。党的十八大以来,中国的经济新常态决定了公平正义问题的新含义,我们必须改变建立在短缺经济基础上的公平正义观念,建立适应过剩经济需要的公平正义观念。普世价值已经过时,全球问题只有在人类命运共同体的语境中才能解决,资本主义的零和游戏意味着从损人利己走向共同灭亡,社会主义的正和游戏则意味着从合作共赢走向"每个人的自由发展"。

Xi Jin-ping points out"peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom are common values of all human beings as well as the Union Nation's lofty goals."Hence, the study of"common values"shall be initiated from Marxism as well as from the phenomenological stance of"issues per se", rather than confusing them with our or others' personal views on"common values". Literally, it calls for clarifying the standpoint of value in Marx's texts, not equal to editing Marx's original texts in accordance with personal values. Since the 18 th National Congress of the CPC, the new normal of China'economy has redefined the issue of fairness and justice. It is advisable for us to reverse our previous view of fairness and justice based on the shortage economy and to set up a new one in line with surplus economy. Undoubtedly,"universal value"already fails to keep up with the times while global issues could only be solved in the context of"a community of shared destiny for all mankind". The zero-sum game by capitalism means nothing but harming others and benefiting it self and surely coming to termination. However, the"positive-sum game"by socialism means cooperation and mutual winning,which definitely leads us to the destination of "all individual's free development".