绝经后妇女身高缩短程度与骨质疏松发生的关系研究

The relationship between height shortening and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women

目的探讨绝经后妇女身高缩短程度与骨质疏松发生的关系。方法随机选择绝经后妇女进行健康问卷调查,包括现在、年轻时身高;用双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎、髋部骨密度,分为骨质疏松组和无骨质疏松组;用SPSS 20.0统计软件统计分析。结果共筛选入组263例,骨质疏松组160例、无骨质疏松组103名:(1)两组资料的一般比较:年龄、身高缩短(H/cm)、BMI、膝关节炎、腰椎间盘突出等因素差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),身高、体重、绝经年龄等因素无统计学意义(P>0.05);(2)各因素与骨密度的相关性分析:身高缩短、关节炎等因素与腰椎、髋部骨密度呈负相关,腰椎间盘突出与腰椎骨密度呈负相关、与髋部骨密度无相关性;以身高缩短作为因变量,骨质疏松、关节炎、腰椎间盘突出为变量进行多重线性回归分析:y=0.027+0.008×骨质疏松+0.009×膝关节炎+0.003×腰椎间盘突出,标准回归系数依次为0.183、0.171、0.063,骨质疏松对身高缩短程度影响最大,其次是膝关节炎;(3)263例不同身高缩短的分布情况:身高缩短H>3 cm,无骨质疏松和有骨质疏松占各本组的31.1%和50.0%;从箱式图可以知道三组身高缩短均值从高到低依次是:重度骨质疏松、轻度骨质疏松、无骨质疏松。结论绝经后妇女身高缩短与骨密度呈负相关,骨质疏松能够影响身高缩短,身高缩短越大骨质疏松越严重。身高缩短3 cm时提示可能发生骨质疏松。

Objective To study the relationship between height shortening and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Methods Postmenopausal women were randomly selected for a health questionnaire,information collected including current height and height at young adulthood. Bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae and hip was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry bone densitometer,and participants were then divided into the osteoporosis group and the non-osteoporosis group. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software SPSS 20. 0. Results A total of 263 cases were screened,including 160 cases of osteoporosis and 103 cases of non-osteoporosis. There were significant differences between the two groups in age,height reduction（ H/cm）,and factors including BMI,knee arthritis and lumbar disc herniation（ P〈0. 05）. Factors such as height,weight and age at menopause were not significantly different between the two groups（ P〈0. 05）. In the correlation analysis,height reduction and knee arthritis negatively correlated with lumbar spine and hip BMD,whereas lumbar disc herniation negatively correlated with lumbar spine BMD,but was not significantly correlated with hip bone mineral density. With height reduction as the dependent variable,osteoporosis,arthritis,and lumbar disc herniation were significant predictors in the multiple linear regression analysis： y =0. 027 ＋ 0. 008 x osteoporosis ＋ 0. 009 x knee arthritis ＋ 0. 003 x lumbar disc herniation,and the standardized regression coefficients were 0. 183,0. 171,0. 063,respectively. Osteoporosis had the greatest effect on height reduction,followed by knee arthritis.According to height reduction in the 263 cases,in those with height reduction 3 cm,non-osteoporosis and osteoporosis accounted for 31. 1% and 50. 0%,respectively. The box plot showed the average height reduction from high to low was severe osteoporosis,mild osteoporosis and no osteoporosis. Conclusion After menopause,height reduction had negative correlation with bone density in woman,osteoporosis can affect height shortening,and the severe the osteoporosis the greater the height reduction. Shortening of height by 3 cm may indicate osteoporosis.