热硫化苯基硅生胶/碳化硼复合材料的制备及相关性能研究

Preparation and property of heat vulcanized phenyl-silicone rubber/boron carbide composite

以合成的热硫化苯基硅生胶为基体,碳化硼为中子吸收材料,白炭黑为补强填料,在过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)硫化作用下,制备了热硫化苯基硅生胶/碳化硼复合材料。分别采用FT-IR、SEM、TG、硬度计、电子万能试验机等对合成的热硫化苯基硅生胶分子结构及复合材料的形貌、热失重和力学性能进行了分析。结果表明,合成的热硫化苯基硅生胶以Si—O—Si为主链,同时还含有甲基、乙烯基和苯基侧基。碳化硼在复合材料中分散比较均匀。随着碳化硼含量的增加,复合材料的邵氏硬度逐渐增加,拉伸强度和热失重率逐渐降低。辐照使复合材料的密度、热失重率和力学性能均有一定程度的提高,且辐照剂量越大,变化越明显。复合材料耐温达450℃。

Under the action of dicumyl peroxide（DCP）vulcanization,the heat vulcanized phenyl-silicone rubber/ boron carbide composites were prepared by using the synthesized heat vulcanized phenyl-silicone rubber as matrix, boron carbide as neutron absorbing materials and silica as reinforcing fillers. The molecular structure of synthesized rubber,the morphology, heat weight-loss rate and mechanical properties of composites were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, thermal gravimetric analyzer, hardness tester and electronic universal testing machine. The results showed that the synthesized rubber was based on Si-O-Si as the main chain, containing methyl, vinyl and phenyl pendant groups.Boron carbide were evenly dispersed in the composites. With the increase of boron carbide content, the shore hardness of composites gradually increased, while the tensile strength and heat weight-loss rate gradually decreased. The density, heat weight-Loss rate and mechanical properties were improved to a certain extent by irradiation, and the greater the radiation dose, the more obvious the change. The composites could resist to high temperature of 450℃.