三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐/笼状季戊四醇磷酸酯协效阻燃聚丙烯/稻壳复合材料的研究

Influence of melamine polyphosphate and cage-like pentaerythritol phosphate synergistic flame retardant on polypropylene/rice husk composite

利用三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐(MPP)和笼状季戊四醇磷酸酯(PEPA)的阻燃协效作用,复配成膨胀型阻燃剂(IFR)对聚丙烯(PP)/稻壳(RH)复合材料进行阻燃。研究了MPP与PEPA复配比例对PP/RH复合材料阻燃性能的影响。采用垂直燃烧(UL-94)和极限氧指数(LOI)研究了阻燃PP/RH复合材料的阻燃性能,采用热重分析研究阻燃PP/RH复合材料的热分解过程,采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察阻燃PP/RH复合材料燃烧后炭层的形貌。结果表明:当MPP/PEPA总用量为20%(wt%,质量分数),PEPA和MPP的质量分数比为1∶4时,阻燃PP/RH复合材料的LOI值为29.7%,垂直燃烧UL-94通过V-0级,PP/RH复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别增加了42.3%和53.6%。热重结果表明:MPP/PEPA复配能够延缓PP/RH体系中PP的分解,并提高了材料的成炭性,使PP/RH复合材料800℃下的残炭率由16.3%提高到了30.3%,残炭率升高了14.0%。通过SEM观察得到:两者复配使PP/RH复合材料燃烧后形成了致密均匀的多孔炭层,从而提高了PP/RH复合材料的阻燃性能。

Intumescent flame retardant （IFR） was prepared by using melamine polyphosphate （MPP） and cage- like pentaerythritol phosphate （PEPA）,which was used for polypropylene （PP）/rice husk （RH） composite. The best ratio of MPP/PEPA was explored.The flame retardation of PP/RH was investigated by limiting oxygen index and UL- 94 vertical burning test. The thermal degradation of PP/RH was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The morphology char combustion of PP/RH was observed by scanning electron microscope （SEM）.The results showed that when the total content of PEPA/MPP was 20 % （mass fraction）, and the mass fraction ratio of PEPA to MPP was 1：4, then LOI value was 29.7%, vertical burning test achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating, and the tensile strength and bending strength of PP/RH increased to 42.3%, 53.6% respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis test demonstrated that degraded PP of PP/RH was delayed by PEPA/MPP and the carbon yield in 800℃ of PP/RH was improved from 16.3% to 30.3% ,grew 14.0%.The result of SEM showed that MPP/PEPA can make PP/RH form a dense uniform coal layer,and promoted flame retardation of PP/RH.