乌鲁木齐建成区颗粒物污染的变化规律及其相关性研究

Temporal variations of particulate pollutants and their correlations in Urumqi

基于2016年3月-2017年2月六种大气污染物(PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2、CO、O_3)浓度实时变化数据和同期气象数据,利用统计分析方法,研究乌鲁木齐市建成区主要大气颗粒污染物的时间尺度特征,并进行相关性分析,结果表明:(1)研究区颗粒物污染程度具有明显的月变化规律,3月起颗粒物浓度不断降低,于7月达最小值,此后不断升高并于次年1月达最大值;(2)具有明显的周末效应,颗粒物浓度在周末低于工作日;(3)颗粒物浓度日变化曲线呈"三峰三谷"结构;(4)PM_(2.5)与PM_(10)显著线性正相关,其相关性的大小受季节变化的影响,依次为春季<夏季<秋季<冬季;(5)PM_(2.5)与O_3相关性不强,而与SO_2、NO_2和CO线性正相关,其相关性大小也受季节影响,PM_(2.5)与CO的相关性在春季明显弱于其他季节,与NO2在春季明显高于其他三季,与SO_2在夏季明显比其他三季高;(6)全年来看,PM_(2.5)与气压和湿度正相关,与气温和风速负相关;在季节模式下,排除未通过显著性检验的部分,该相关性在夏季与其他季节相反,即PM_(2.5)与气压和湿度负相关,与气温和风速正相关。

Based on the real-time concentration of six atmosphere pollutants（ PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,CO,O3） from March 2016 to February 2017 and the synchronous meteorological data,we researched the characters of particulate pollution content（ PM10 and PM2.5） in time scales by using the statistical analysis methods,and analyzed the relevance.The results show that：（ 1） the degree of particulate pollution showed obvious monthly variation in built-up area of the Urumqi.From March,the concentration of particulates decreased continuously,reaching the minimum value in July,and then increased continuously,and reached the maximum value in January of next year.（ 2） There was an obvious weekend effect.The particulate pollution on weekdays was severer than that on weekends.（ 3） The daily change curve showed a structure of three peaks and three valleys.（ 4）PM2.5 was positively linearly related to PM10,and its correlation was affected by seasonal variation,followed by spring,summer,autumn and winter.（ 5） The correlation between PM2.5 and O3 was not strong,but it was positively related to SO2,NO2 and CO,and the correlation was also affected by seasons.The correlation between PM2.5 and CO was significantly weaker in spring than in other seasons,and NO2 was significantly higher in spring than in the other three seasons,and SO2 was significantly higher in summer than in other three seasons.（ 6） For the whole year,PM2.5 was positively correlated with air pressure and humidity,and negatively correlated with air temperature and wind speed.In the seasonal pattern,excluding the part that did not pass the significant test,the correlation was opposite in summer to other seasons.That is to say,PM2.5 was negatively related to air pressure and humidity,and positively related to temperature and wind speed.