上海市小学生家长健康素养现况

Health literacy among parents of primary school students in Shanghai

目的了解上海市小学生家长的健康素养水平,为促进小学生健康素养提升提供良好的家庭环境。方法2015年9—10月期间,采用方便抽样法选取上海市中心城区4所小学、郊区2所小学共3 283名小学生,对其家长进行《中国公民健康素养调查问卷》调查。结果在全部参与调查的家长中,具备健康素养的家长占21.6%。随着父母受教育程度的提高,具备健康素养的家长占比也逐渐提高(χ~2值分别为110.500,113.886,P值均<0.01)。户籍为"上海市"和"外国国籍"的学生家长具备健康素养的比例相当(均为24.56%),均高于非上海市的中国户籍学生家长(16.69%)(χ~2=27.771,P<0.01)。父、母职业为农业劳动者的健康素养具备率均低于其他职业(P值均<0.01)。此外,家长对安全标志的辨识,正确率仅为0.27%;"蚊子、苍蝇、老鼠和蟑螂传播疾病的种类"正确率仅为7.58%;"您是否能做到不与他人共用毛巾"正确率仅为10.94%。结论开展小学生健康素养促进工作要加强对低文化水平、非上海籍在上海就读中国学生家长的关注。

Objective To evaluate health literacy among parents of primary school students in Shanghai. Methods A total of 1 912 pupils from 4 primary schools in Shanghai urban area and 1 371 pupils from 2 primary schools in suburb area were selected by convenient sampling method. The Chinese Citizens Health Literacy Questionnaire was implemented among parents among all participants during September and October in 2015. Results Among all the parents surveyed,21.6% of them possessed health literacy. Parents with higher education levels possessed higher health literacy. 35% parents with master education level possessed health literacy,and the figure was only 11% among parents with ＂ junior middle school or below＂. About 24. 56% local Shanghai and foreign national parents possessed higher health literacy,compared with parents whose children registered out of Shanghai（ 16.69%）. In addition,only 0.27% parents could identify all safety signs properly; only 7.58% parents were aware of diseases infected through mosquitoes,flies,mice and cockroaches properly and 10.94% parents were able to avoid sharing towels with others. Conclusion It’s necessary to promote health literacy among parents with low education background and migrant workers.