合肥市学龄前儿童心理行为问题现况

A survey of mental behavioral problems of Preschool children in Hefei

目的探讨合肥地区学龄前儿童心理行为问题的发生情况,为早期采取干预措施提供参考。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,分别在合肥市农村和城市地区共抽取8所幼儿园2 407名学龄前儿童进行调查,采用自编问卷收集研究对象基本信息,采用Conners父母用量表收集学龄前儿童心理卫生情况。结果学龄前儿童心理行为问题的检出率为19.40%(467/2 407)。心理行为问题各子项目均有检出,其中学习问题和心身问题检出率最高,分别为10.51%,9.31%,品行异常检出率为3.49%,多动异常检出率为2.83%。农村地区儿童心理行为问题检出率高于城市地区(χ~2=44.35,P<0.01),男童心理行为问题检出率高于女童(χ~2=155.18,P<0.01)。结论合肥地区学龄前儿童心理行为问题检出率与国内其他地区相近,值得关注。

Objective To examine the general situation of the mental health problems of preschool children in Hefei,and to provide reference for taking preventional measures in early stage. Methods A survey of 2 407 preschoolers in 8 kindergartens in rural and urban areas of hefei was investigated by the method of stratified cluster random sampling. The Conners Parents Symptom Questionnaire（ PSQ） was used to collect information about the mental health status of preschool children. Results Totally 19.40%（ 467/2 407） children were detected to have psychological behavior problems,and the highest rate was the learning problem（ 10.51%）,followed by the rate of psychosomatic problem（ 9. 31%）,detection rate of being ill-behaved（ 3. 49%） and rate of ADHD（ 2.83%）. The incidence of child psychological behavioral problems in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas（ χ^2=44.35,P〈0.01）,and the incidence of boys was significantly higher than that of girls（ χ^2= 155.18,P〈 0. 01）. Conclusion The detection rate of psychological behavior of preschool children in Hefei was similar to that in other parts of China. We must pay more attention to the mental health problems of preschool children.