江西省青少年非医疗目的精神活性物质使用现状

Study on use of psychoactive substances for non-medical purposes among adolescents

目的了解江西省青少年药物滥用现状,为青少年药物滥用的预防干预提供依据。方法采用自编问卷调查的方法,对江西省4家戒毒机构收治的青少年戒毒人员(15~25岁)426名进行问卷调查。结果 426名青少年药物滥用者以男性(86.38%)、初中学历(62.44%)、无业(61.27%)和未婚者(80.05%)为主。在过去12个月曾经非医疗目的和主要滥用的精神活性物质中合成毒品的使用频率均高于传统毒品,其中使用占比最高的均是冰毒(分别为69.95%和67.84%);初次滥用药物的平均年龄为(18.27±2.15)岁;使用方式主要是烫吸(60.80%);获得途径以同伴提供(73.71%)为主;使用场所多为宾馆/饭店(50.47%),使用原因以追求欣快/刺激(40.38%)为主。结论应重视青少年滥用合成毒品和非医疗目的使用精神活性药物的现象,而低年龄段、低学历、无业、未婚的男性青少年是药物滥用的重点干预和监测人群。

Objective To understand the current situation of juvenile drug abuse in Jiangxi Province,and to provide basis or reference for the prevention and intervention of the drug abuse. Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among juvenile drug addicts（ 15-25 years old） from 4 drug rehabilitation institutes in Jiangxi province. Results Among the 426 adolescent drug abusers,male（ 86. 38%）,junior high school degree（ 62. 44%）,unemployed（ 61. 27%） and unmarried（ 80.05%） accounted for the main part. In the past 12 months,the prevalence of the drug use for non-medical purposes and the frequency of synthetic drug use in the abuse of active substance were both higher than that of traditional drugs,among which methamphetamine was of the highest proportion（ 69.95 per cent for male and 67.84 per cent for female）; The average age of initial drug abuse was 18.27±2.15 years; The main way to use it is to burn（ 60. 80%）. The route was provided by the company（ 73. 71%）; Most drug abuse was found in hotel/restaurant（ 50.47%）,and the main reason was the pursuit of euphoric/simulative（ 40.38%）. Conclusion Attention should be paid to the synthetic drug abuse among young people and active drug use for non-medical purposes,especially among those who are young,less educated,unemployed and unmarried males.