农村寄宿初中生心理健康影响因素分析

Mental health of junior boarding school students in rural areas

目的探究农村初中生寄宿与心理健康现状及相互关系,为促进农村寄宿学生心理健康提供依据。方法采用随机分层抽样法选取陕西7 947名农村初中生为研究样本,运用自制学生基本情况调查问卷和心理健康诊断测验(MHT)进行调查。通过描述性统计方法分析农村初中生的寄宿和心理健康现状,通过OLS回归分析探究目前是否寄宿、寄宿起始年级、是否寄宿过与心理健康的关系。结果农村初中生严重心理问题检出率为2.0%(162/7 947),单项倾向检出率为71.8%(5 707/7 947)。目前是否寄宿、寄宿起始年级与MHT得分相关性均无统计学意义(β值分别为0.367,0.275,P值均>0.05);是否寄宿过与MHT得分相关性有统计学意义(β=0.461,P<0.01)。性别、留级和师生关系与农村初中生心理健康相关性均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论是否寄宿过与农村初中生的心理健康关系显著,女生、留级生、师生关系差的学生心理健康状况更差。需要更加关注有寄宿经历学生的心理健康发展。

Objective To understand the current situation of mental health among boarding junior school students in rural area,and to provide the references for improving mental health of rural junior high school students in rural area. Methods The stratified sampling method was adopted to randomly select 7 947 junior high school students in rural areas. Measured by the mental health test and the student general information questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to analyze the current situation board and mental health,and OLS regression was used to explore the correlation between current board status,board-started grade,board experience and mental health. Results The detection rate of serious psychological problem was 2.0%（ 162/7 947）,the detection rate of anxiety tendency was 71.8%（ 5 707/7 947）. There was no significant difference between current boarders and noboarders about test scores（ β = 0.367,P = 0.112）; there was no significant correlation between boarding start grade and test scores（ β= 0.275,P = 0.699）; those students have boarding experience get higher test scores significantly than those never boarding students（ β = 0.461,P〈0.01）. The analysis also found a significant correlation between gender,detained students,teacher-student relationship and test scores（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Board experience has a strong positive correlation with the mental health of junior high school students,we should pay more attention on the mental health of students that have ever boarded on school. Girl,detained student,bad relationship with teacher will lead to worse status of mental health.