大数据与社会主义市场经济体制——兼与马云先生和张旭昆教授商榷

Big Data and the Socialist Market Economy System——A Discussion with Jack Ma and Professor Zhang Xukun

大数据有助于扩展人的理性,减少机会主义行为,降低交易成本。但大数据难以消除由自然环境以及人的需求和偏好的变化带来的不确定性,难以解决"休谟问题",不能完全消除交易成本。受交易成本的制约,计划经济体制和市场经济体制都存在难以克服的困难。相对而言,社会主义市场经济体制拥有比较优势,大数据不能从根本上改变这一比较优势。但利用大数据,可以使政府更加有为、市场更加有效,有助于完善社会主义市场经济体制。

Big data helps to expand the margin of human rationality, reduce opportunistic behavior as well as increase the efficiency of production and transaction in economic activity. However, big data is difficult to dispel uncertainties arising from changes in the natural environment and the needs and preferences of people, to solve the Hume Problem. Therefore, big data does not completely eliminate transaction costs. Due to the restriction of transaction costs, there are insurmountable problems in the planned economy and the market economy. In contrast, the socialist market economic system has comparative advantages. Big data can not fundamentally change the comparative advantage. But making good use of big data will promote government productivity and market efficiency, thus contributing to the perfection of the socialist market economy system.