元史学视域中的“转义的中国”--纪念海登·怀特

"The Tropics of China" in the View of Metahistory:In Memory of Hayden White

美国历史哲学家海登·怀特的"元史学"理论,不仅是历史哲学领域语言学转向的代表性成果,也逐渐成为一种转变人类思维方式的哲学观念。他把"中国"作为元史学话语转义理论的一个例证或比较对象,有助于我们理解历史意识和历史存在之间的转义模式,厘清启蒙与意识形态国家机器、资本主义、中国社会/共产主义之间的联系,以及启蒙理性的科学性和历史文本的真实性的解构性关系。但海登·怀特的转义解释模式和意识形态指涉背后,也隐含着形式主义和西方中心主义的迹象。

The American history philosopher, Hayden White's theory of "metahistory", is not only a representative result of the linguistic turn in the field of historical philosophy, but also gradually becomes a philosophical concept that changing the way people think.He uses "China" as an example or an object of comparison of metahistorical theory, which helps people to understand the mode of tropics(tropes) between historical consciousness and the historical existence, clarifying the relationships between the enlightenment, the ideological state apparatuses, capitalism and Chinese socialism/communism, and to deconstruct the scientificity of enlightenment and the authenticity of historical texts. However, Haydn White's interpretative modes of the tropic and ideological connotation also show signs of formalism and Eurocentrism.