全球价值链参与路径与技能工资差距——基于中国跨省投入产出数据的分析

Participation Path in Global Value Chain and Wage Gap——Based on the Input and Output Data at the Provincial Level in China

本文利用中国的跨省投入—产出数据对各省制造业的出口增加值进行了分解,发现中国各省主要是通过国内垂直专业化路径参与全球价值链的,其次是省内垂直专业化和国际垂直专业化。东南沿海地区参与全球价值链的路径从国际垂直专业化向国内垂直专业化转移的趋势明显,其他地区则相反。省内垂直专业化在缩小各省技能溢价和低技能劳动间工资差距的同时扩大了北部和东南沿海省份高技能劳动间的工资差距;国内垂直专业化在扩大各省技能溢价（北部沿海省份例外）和高技能劳动间工资差距的同时缩小了低技能劳动间的工资差距（东南沿海省份例外）;国际垂直专业化则同时缩小了各省三种技能工资差距（中部省份低技能劳动间的工资差距例外）。

Using the methodology of Su（2016）,this paper firstly describes how the manufacturing participate the global value chain at the provincial level based on tracing value added in provincial exports. It is found that the main participation path is Domestic Vertical Specialization（DVS） for all provinces following by the Provincial Vertical Specialization（PVS） and Foreign Vertical Specialization（FVS）. The participation path transfers from FVS to DVS in the southeast coastal areas, however, it transfers from PVS to FVS in other areas. Furthermore, this paper tests how the different participation paths affect the wage gap and gets three main conclusions. Firstly, PVS narrows the skill premium and wage gap among low-skilled labors in all provinces, however, enlarges the wage gap among high-skilled labors in the coastal provinces. Secondly, DVS increases the skill premium and wage gap among high-skilled labors in all provinces（The skill premium in the north coastal provinces is the exception）, however, reduces the wage gap among lowskilled labors（The southeast coastal provinces is the exception）. In the end, FVS lowers all kinds of wage gap in all provinces（the wage gap among low-skilled labors in central provinces is exception）.