宋真宗《劝学诗》形成过程及作伪原因考述

On the Formation and Fake of QuanXue Shi by Emperor Zhenzong of Song

署名宋真宗的《劝学诗》在中国古代所有劝学诗文中传诵最广、影响最深。但事实上,《劝学诗》出自下层士人,体现下层士人的理想,并非宋真宗的作品。《劝学诗》也不是由某一位作者一次完成,而是由很多士人长时期共同完成,大致在宋末元初形成完整的《劝学诗》。因为宋真宗的独特身份和对于科举制度的独特贡献,这一由许多无名士人集体创作的作品,其作者"最佳人选"无疑是宋真宗。

QuanXue Shi singed by Emperor Zhenzon of Song was the most widespread and mostprofound affecting in the ancient Chinese Poetry advised to study. However, Quan Xue Shi was notthe work of Emperor Zhenzong of Song. In fact, Quan Xue Shi should come from the lower scholars,and reflect the ideal of the lower literati. Quan Xue Shi was not completed by a person of a one-time alone, but by many people of long period, which roughly formed a complete work in late Songor early Yuan. Because of the unique identity of Emperor Zhenzong of Song and his unique contribu-tion to the imperial examination system, Emperor Zhenzong of Song naturally became the best candi-date of the author of this work by the collective creation of the many nameless scholars.