全球服务价值链的发展及贸易规则再审视

A Revisit of the Development of Global Service Value Chain and Trade Rules

服务是全球价值链不可或缺的重要内容,不仅是连接价值链各环节的"粘合剂",本身也在被拆分为不同的独立交易"任务",并形成全球服务价值链。全球价值链的发展使分布在世界各地的中间品生产更加依赖贸易规则,并使各国贸易政策的影响呈现放大效应,传统贸易规则需要因时做出适当调整以适应全球价值链发展的诉求。服务价值链的发展同样对贸易规则提出了更高的要求,统筹考虑增值能力、有形商品贸易政策的影响、制度环境的中立性、跨境监管的一致性,将助于制定完善的服务贸易规则。发展中国家需要特别注重支持性服务质量提升、政策环境构建及利用全球经济变化带来的新比较优势,提高融入全球服务价值链能力并从中获益。

Service is essential in the global value chain. It not only bounds each part of the chain, but also acts policies of countries around the world. Therefore, traditional trade rules need to take appropriate adjustments to fulfill the demands of global value chain. Its development puts forward higher requirements on trade rules. Only by overall considering the added-value ability, the influence of tangible goods, the neutrality of system condition, and the consistency of cross-border supervision can people make better service trade rules. Developing countries should particularly emphasize the improvement of supporting service quality and the construction of policy environment and make full use of the new comparative advantages of global economic changes to integrate into the global service value chain and benefit from it.