不动产错误登记责任的形态及归责原则

Forms and imputation principle of liability for wrong registration of immovable property

《中华人民共和国物权法》第21条规定了在不动产错误登记中提供虚假材料的当事人及登记机构的赔偿责任。从登记行为的性质、保障权利人利益等角度出发,将该条中登记机构的赔偿责任认定为民事侵权赔偿责任更为恰当。同时,按产生错误登记的不同情形,不动产错误登记侵权责任形态应该被分为自己责任、不真正连带责任、按份责任。对于归责原则,在解释论上,对登记机构的归责仍应适用一般的过错责任原则;在立法论上,该归责适用过错责任原则中的过错推定规则更为妥当。

The twenty-first item of the Property Law gives the provision of liability of the client and the register for the false materials in the real estate registration. With a consideration of the nature of the registration act and the protection of the rights and interests of the obligee, it is more appropriate to regard the liability of the registration institution in the article as a civil tort. At the same time, according to the different circumstances of the wrong registration, the forms of the tort liability should be divided into their own liability, unreal joint and several liability. For the ira- putation principle in the theory of interpretation, the principle of fault liability should the imputation of the registration institution. In the theory of legislation, it is more apply the principle of presumption of fault to the principle of fault liability. be applied appropriate