上颌第一磨牙根管解剖结构的锥形束CT研究

Cone beam computed tomography on the anatomical structure of maxillary first molars root canal

目的应用锥形束CT(CBCT)扫描法研究753颗上颌第一磨牙的根管解剖结构。方法选取山东大学口腔医院放射科拍摄CBCT的753颗上颌第一磨牙的影像资料,观察根管系统的解剖结构。结果 753颗上颌第一磨牙中:四根管616颗(81.81%),其中MB2612颗(81.27%)、DB24颗(0.53%);三根管135颗(17.93%);双根管2颗(0.27%);单根管发生率为0。753颗上颌第一磨牙根管类型:近中颊根管Ⅲ型共383颗(51.00%),其次Ⅴ型共143颗(19.04%)、Ⅰ型共136颗(18.11%),其余根管类型较少;远中颊根管Ⅰ型共747颗(99.47%),其余根管类型共4颗;腭根根管全部为Ⅰ型(100%)。753颗上颌第一磨牙的根管长度(根管口到解剖性根尖孔的距离):7.1~12.0 mm共1 976个(87.55%),12.1~18.0 mm共178个(7.89%),4.1~7.0 mm共103个(4.56%)。结论上颌第一磨牙根管系统复杂多变,CBCT扫描法可有效发现各型根管解剖结构,为临床治疗提供依据。

Objective To explore the anatomical structure of the root canal of maxillary first molars with cone beam computed tomography （CBCT）. Methods The CBCT data of 753 maxillary first molars were reviewed to observe the anatomical structure of the root canal system. Results Of all 753 maxillary first molars, 616 （81.81%） had 4 canal roots, including 612 （81.27%） MB2 and 4 （0.53%） DB2; 135 （17.93%） had 3 canal roots, 2 （0.27%） had 2 canal roots; no single canal root was observed. Of all mesiobuccal canal roots, 383 （51.00%） molars were type HI, 143 （ 19.04% ） were type V, 136 （ 18.11% ） were type I , and only a few molars were other types. Of all distobuccal canal roots, 747 （ 99.47% ） molars were type I , and 4 belonged to the other types. All （ 100% ） palatal canal roots were type I. As to the length of the canal root, 1976 （87.55%） were 7.1-12.0mm, 178 （7.89%） were 12.1-18.0mm, and 103 （ 4.56% ） were 4.1-7.0 ram. Conclusion The root canal system of the maxillary first molar is complex and changeable. The anatomical structure of various root canals can be effectively observed with CBCT to provide the basic information for clinical treatment.