内蒙古天然草地毒草危害状况与防控对策

Hazard Status and Control Countermeasures of Poisonous Weeds in Natural Grasslands of Inner Mongolia

内蒙古是我国主要牧区之一,天然草地面积为7.9×10~7 hm^2,草地畜牧业是其重要的支柱产业。长期以来,受气候、干旱、超载过牧等因素的影响,导致内蒙古天然草地严重退化,可食牧草急剧减少,而毒草却大量滋生蔓延,造成家畜毒草中毒多发,甚至暴发,严重影响草地畜牧业发展和生态安全。论文在查阅文献资料的基础上,对内蒙古天然草地毒草种类、地理分布、危害状况和防控技术进行了综述,对有效防控毒草,降低毒草的危害,减少由于毒草造成的经济损失以及保护天然草地资源和维护生态环境的平衡和稳定具有重要意义。

Inner Mongolia is one of the main pasture areas in China, with natural grassland area of 7.9 ×10^7 hm^2 and the grassland animal husbandry is an important chief industry.For a long time, climate, drought, overgrazing and other factors result in the rapid degeneration of natural grassland in Inner Mongolia, the sharp decrease of edible herbage,and the infested spread of poisonous weeds causing livestock poisoned, even burst , which seriously affect the grassland animal husbandry development and ecological security.In this paper, according to documents, the species, geographical distribution, disaster situation, prevention and control measures of poisonous weeds in Inner Mongolia natural grassland were reviewed.It is of great significance to prevent and control poisonous weeds, reduce the harm and economic losses caused by poisonous weeds, protect the natural grassland resources and maintain the balance and stability of the ecological environment.