神经性厌食症患者入院治疗效果及影响因素分析

Analysis on Influence Factor and Treatment Effect in Hospitalized Anorexia Nervosa Patients

目的了解住院治疗的神经性厌食症患者流行趋势及住院治疗前后体重的变化及影响神经性厌食症患者住院治疗效果的影响因素,为神经性厌食症患者的治疗提供新思路。方法纳入2012—2017年期间首次于上海市交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心进行治疗的神经性厌食患者,进行一般情况调查,收集并观察出入院时的体重变化。结果 2012—2017年期间本院共收治87名神经性厌食症患者,女性为84人,60.9%为初高中学生。出院时平均体重为(42.1±8.1)kg,显著高于住院时(39.4±8.4)kg(P<0.05),78人(89.7%)住院治疗后体重有所上升。出院时平均BMI为(15.9±2.6)kg/m^2,显著高于住院时的(14.9±2.7)kg/m^2(P<0.05),上升了6.7%。多元线性回归分析显示,学历高、入院年份越靠近2017年和住院天数多是神经性厌食人群的保护因素。讨论住院治疗可有效改善厌食症患者体重偏低的状况,厌食症患者在治疗的过程中需考虑患者学历,首次住院治疗需保证充足的住院时间。

OBJECTIVE To understand the epidemic trend and weight change in hospitalized anorexia nervosa patients, and the influence factors of treatment effect of anorexia nervosa, so as so provide new way for the treatment of anorexia nervosa. METHODS It recruited 87 hospitalized anorexia nervosa patients during 2012 to 2017. General information was collected and to observe the weight change during admission and discharging. RESULTS Target hospital treated 87 patients with anorexia nervosa during 2012 to 2017,84 people were women, 60.9% was middle and high school students. The average weight in discharging was 42.1±8.1 kg, which was significantly higher than（39.4±8.4） kg in admission（P〈0.05）, 89.7% of patients increased weightafter hospitalization. The average BMI in dischargingwas（15.9±2.6） kg/m^2, which was significantly higher than（14.9±2.7） kg/m^2 in admission（P〈0.05）, which was increased by 6.7%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that high degreeand the longer the length of hospitalization were protective factors for anorexia nervosa. CONCLUSION Hospitalization could effectively improve the weight in patients with anorexia nervosa.The treatment of anorexia nervosa patients should consider the process of education, it must ensure sufficient length for the first time in the hospitalization.