2014-2016年尿路感染患者病原菌分布和耐药性分析

Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogens Cultured in Patients with urinary tract infection

目的分析尿路感染的病原菌分布和耐药性,为选择有效抗生素提供依据。方法收集2014年1月-2016年12月门诊和住院尿路感染患者的清洁中段尿培养结果,分析病原菌分布和耐药性。结果共检出病原菌3 236株,革兰氏阴性菌1 931株(59.67%),革兰氏阳性菌786株(24.29%),真菌519株(16.04%),其中大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和屎肠球菌是尿路感染的主要致病菌。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌对氨苄西林和复方新诺明的耐药率较高,而对亚胺培南的耐药率最低。肠球菌属对青霉素、氨苄西林和喹诺酮类抗生素的耐药率较高,而对利奈唑胺、万古霉素、高浓度庆大霉素、替考拉宁、替加环素的耐药率较低。结论尿路感染患者耐药情况严重,及时分析当地病原菌分布和药物耐药性,对有效选择抗生素、提高治疗效果、减少耐药菌株的产生具有重要意义。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in patients with urinary tract infection. Methods pathogens of urine samples from January 2014 to December 2016 in general hospital of Ningxia medical university were analyzed. Results A total of 3236 pathogen were found, 59.67% were Gram - negative bacteria, 24.29% were Gram - positive bacteria, 16.04% were fungus. Eseheriehia eoli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and enterocoeeus faeeium were major pathogens of urinary infection. Escherichia eoli, Klebsiella pneumoniae were sensitive to imipenem, with high resistance to ampieillin and trimethoprim. Enteroeoceus was sensitive to linezolid, vaneomyein, gentamyein, teieoplanin, tigeeyeline, with high resistance to penicillin, Ampieillin and quinolone antibiotics. Conclusion Drug - Resistance of pathogens to antibiotics is serious. Timely analysis of the distribution of local pathogens and drug resistance are of great significance to choose antibiotics,improve treatment and reduce resistance strains.