洪泽湖生态经济区重要水域水质的时空变化特征——以淮安市为例

Variations of Spatial-temporal Changes of Water Quality in Hongze Lake Eco-economic Region: A Case Study in Huaian

水质时空变化规律的认识是区域水资源利用以及水环境质量改善的重要依据.以洪泽湖生态经济区的淮安市为例,利用水质监测数据,结合"压力-状态-响应"模型,探讨了该市2015年重要水域水质的时空特征,分析了水质变化的主要影响因子.结果表明:淮安市境内洪泽湖、白马湖等重要水域的水质状况较良好,主要污染指标为NH_3-N、COD和TP,总体符合Ⅲ类水质标准,但不同季节水质指标的变化较大;淮安市辖区内饮用水水源地的水质达到Ⅲ类,符合饮用水取水标准.水质指标年内各月份间存在一定的差异,而夏季是水质波动变化的转换季节;TN、NH_3-N、COD、TP、节水灌溉是影响水质变化的主要因素,也是农业面源污染的主要压力负荷.淮安市重要水域水质的时空变化特征对洪泽湖生态经济区水质治理以及南水北调东线工程的取水调配具有重要参考价值.

Water quality is of great help for the regional water resources development. Monitoring data in 2015 and the Pressure-State-Response model are used to evaluate the variation of spatial-temporal changes of water quality in Huaian,an area in Hongze Lake Eco-economic Region. Results show that： Water quality is generally good in Hongze Lake and Baima Lake which is conformed to water quality class Ⅲ,the main pollution indices are NH_3-N、COD and TP,and water quality change in different season is relatively larger. Water quality in the source of drinking water in the main city of Huaian levels at water quality class Ⅲ. The water quality varies in different month,and the summer is a transitional season for the water quality change. The main factors of the water quality in Huain are TN,NH_3-N,COD,TP and water saving irrigation method,and the TN,NH_3-N,COD and TP are also the main pressure for the water quality in the Hongze Lake Eco-economic Region. Variation of spatial-temporal changes of water quality may be of scientific help for the water pollution prevention in the Hongze Lake Eco-economic Region and the water intake and allocation of the East Route Project of South to North Water Diversion.