清代戏曲审美嬗变考

Aesthetic Transformation of Traditional Opera in Qing Dynasty

中国戏曲以其鲜明的民族性、群众性、时代性和独树一帜的审美诉求与理念方式,承载了中华文明最广泛受众的审美旨趣。在漫长而复杂的朝代更迭、社会演进与人文思潮背景下,清代戏曲全面承继了综合性、虚拟性、程式化等历经千年积淀的中华戏曲审美原则和精华,着重强化了重演轻戏、写意重内、重古轻今、程式守矩等一系列独树一帜的审美诉求与理念方式,呈现出通俗化、娱乐化、多元化的时代风尚和表现形态,承载着由雅向俗、由情向礼、由虚向实、由文向质等时代风气与社会思潮的基本精神趋向,迎来了中国古典戏曲发展的又一个巅峰。

Traditional Chinese opera carries the most popular aesthetic interest of Chinese civilization with its distinc- tive nationality, contemporaneity, and peculiar aesthetic appeal and conception. In a long and complex evolvement background of society and humanities, Qing opera comprehensively inherited the integrity, virtuality, and stylization of Chinese opera. It stressed performance, and interior expression, and it presented to be popular, amusing, and plu- ral, and it represented a basic social thinking and spiritual trend, based upon which it welcomed another peak of clas- sical Chinese opera.