民国时期高校教师校外兼课管理制度小考

Faculty Outside Employment during the Republican Era of China(1912-1949) : Problems and Countermeasures

民国时期高校教师在校外兼课现象比较普遍,以致影响了学生课业和教师学术水平的提高。因此,教育部和高校在提倡教师以专任为原则的基础上,对教师校外兼课的时间、内容、地点以及兼课的条件、资格、程序等都提出了相应的限制办法,同时将提高教师待遇和巡查监管相结合,减少教师兼课行为,促进民国高等教育的发展。探讨和挖掘民国教师校外兼课管理办法,总结其经验,以期对当前高校教师兼职管理有所启示与借鉴。

During the Republican Era of China( 1912-1949),many teachers in higher education institutions chose to moonlight or take second jobs during the school year,which had negatively affected both students' learning outcomes and professional development of the teachers themselves. To rectify this problem,the Ministry of Education and college/university authorities started to impose rigid restrictions upon teacher qualification,teaching content,time duration as well as approval process concerning faculty outside employment. On the other hand,they also improved teachers' salaries and benefits,but strengthened educational supervision and school inspection at the same time. These measures taken to deal with faculty outside employment are also applicable in China today,where many higher education institutions are facing similar problems as well.