国内翻译测试研究(1996—2016):回眸及前瞻

Research on Translation Testing in China(1996-2016):Looking Back and Looking Forward

近年来社会对翻译人才的需求不断加强,因此考查翻译人才能力的翻译测试就显得尤为重要。但是多年来,翻译测试一直以主观题为主,客观题只占全部测试的一小部分,尚处于探索阶段。而人们一般认为主观题出题、评分难度都很大,试题的效度和信度都难以得到保证,所以对各种翻译测试的系统研究都不多见。随着语言服务业和翻译职业化的发展,翻译测试不再是传统语言测试的一个种类,而是呈现出独立学科的性质,并具有跨学科的属性。本文就1996—2016二十多年来国内翻译测试的研究做了回顾,从研究数量、研究内容等方面统计和分析翻译测试已有的研究基础,总结经验与不足,探索未来的研究方向与发展趋势,期待对国内翻译测试的发展做出贡献。

In recent years, with the increasing requirements of translation talents, translation testing research becomes more signifcant because it focuses on testing the translation ability of translation talents. However, the research on translation testing remains little, because people consider it difficult to evaluate and conduct systematic research as subjective question types is in the highest flight while objective question types in a subordinate position, and the reliability and validity of translation testing can not be guaranteed. With the development of language service and translation professionalization, translation testing shows the quality of independent discipline with the nature of interdisciplinary rather than one of the traditional language testing species. This paper carries on a retrospect of previous researches on translation testing of more than twenty years （1996-2016） from the perspectives of research quantity and research content in order to explore its future development by summarizing the research background in China and analyzing the advantage and disadvantage of the previous researches.