论国际投资法中的公平公正待遇标准的内涵——基于条约和国际仲裁实践的互动研究

On the connotation of the standard for fair and equitable treatment in International Investment Law——An interactive study based on treaty and practice of international arbitration

关于公平公正待遇条款,无论从文本上存在于国际投资协定的普遍性,还是从实践中被应用于国际投资争端仲裁的广泛性来看,无疑都是国际投资法领域的"帝王条款"。但相较于国内民法上的诚实信用原则,由于其在国际投资协定中的定位不明、内涵模糊等原因,造成实践中投资者的滥用和仲裁庭对其内涵的扩张性解读。纠正当前实践中的偏轨现象,首先要做的是肯定公平公正待遇条款是法律原则而非法律规则。国际投资仲裁实践必须正确定位公平公正待遇条款,在适用时严格把握法律原则应用于司法裁判的前置条件。

The fair and equitable treatment clause is undoubtedly the ＂Imperial Clause＂ in the field of interna- tional investment law, whether from the universality of the international investment agreement in the text or from the broadness of being applied in the arbitration for international investment dispute in practice. However, com- pared with the principle of good faith in domestic civil law, due to its unclear positioning, vague meaning and oth- er reasons in the international investment agreement, cause the abuse of investors in practice and the arbitral tribu- nal＇ s expansionary interpretation of its connotation. To correct the deviant phenomenon in current practice, the first thing to do is to affirm that the fair and equitable treatment clause is a legal principle rather than a legal rule. The international investment arbitration practice must correctly position the fair and equitable treatment clause and, when applicable, strictly apply the legal principle to the preconditions of judicial system.