哺乳动物卵母细胞透明带结构及其在体外受精中的作用

Structure of mammalian oocyte’s zona pellucida and its function in vitro fertilization

卵母细胞在成熟过程中经过减数分裂和分化形成配子,卵母细胞透明带（ZP）主要具有ZP1、ZP2、ZP3以及ZP4等4种结构蛋白。不同物种中ZP结构不同,且卵母细胞ZP在体外受精过程中能够阻止多精入卵。文章主要综述了卵母细胞ZP的结构和其在体外受精过程中的作用机制,以期为研究体外受精提供参考。

In the process of maturation,the oocytes can form gametes after meiosis and differentiation. There are 4 structural proteins,such as ZP1,ZP2,ZP3 and ZP4,in the zona pellucida of oocytes. There are different ZP structures in different species. The ZP of oocytes can prevent polyspermy during in vitro fertilization（IVF）. This paper mainly reviews the structure of oocyte ZP and function during IVF in order to lay the foundation for further research on IVF.