辽宁省城市化进程对雾霾污染的影响和溢出效应

Effects of Urbanization to Haze Pollution in Liaoning Province Based on Spatial Perspective

基于2006—2015年辽宁省57个行政单元PM2.5年均值数据,采用空间杜宾模型检验全省各地区城市化进程对雾霾污染的直接影响以及对邻近地区的空间溢出效应。结果表明：城市化进程对雾霾污染的积极影响和消极影响并存,取决于城市化不同路径的选择。工业污染是造成大面积持续雾霾的最主要因素,污染严重企业未转移至其他地区,依然留在原地,成为城市主要经济来源;城市人口比重的增加有利于减轻本地和邻近地区雾霾污染;建成区面积、城市供暖、经济指标和汽车尾气排放量的增加加剧本地和邻近地区雾霾污染;环境治理投资对本地和邻近地区雾霾污染起到有限的抑制作用,由于环境规制等警示作用的影响,溢出效应大于直接效应。辽宁省城市化进程中,雾霾污染的促增作用没有得到有效抑制,治理措施不充分,导致雾霾污染持续频发、愈演愈烈。因此治霾政策必须联防联控、常抓不懈。

Using PM2.5 concentrations in Liaoning Province in 2006-2015, we adopt Spatial Dubin Model to empirically identifyiy regional urbanization on smog pollution directly affect and spatial spillover effect to the neighborhood. The results show that the urbanization has positive influence and negative influence on haze pollution depending on the choice of different paths of urbanization.Industrial pollution is the most important factor causing widespread persistent smog. Serious pollution cnterprises have not been transferred to other areas and remained where it was, becoming pollutant source in metropolitan.The incerase of urban population can reduce haze pollution. The increase in urban heating, economic growth and automobile exhaust emissions aggravate the haze poihition in local and adjacent areas. Environmental governamce investment plays a limited role in the local and adjacent haze pollution while the spillover effect is greater than the direct effect due to the impact of environmental regulation and other warning functions. In the process of urbanization in Liaoning Province,the promoting effect of haze pollution has not been effectively curbed and the measures of governance are inadequate,leading to the continuous frequent and increasing pollution of haze pollution.