基于MODIS数据的郑州地区PM_(2.5)时空分布特征分析

Analysis of the Spatial-temporal PM_(2.5) Distribution Over Zhengzhou Area Using MODIS Data

卫星观测不仅能反映全球尺度的大气污染状况,也能从城市等区域尺度上监测大气污染物的变化.本文基于2004-2013年MODIS气溶胶标准产品,利用PM_(2.5)卫星遥感估算的统计模型,统计分析了郑州地区的PM_(2.5)质量浓度的年际及季节变化特点,有助于深入研究郑州地区细颗粒物污染水平变化.研究发现,在空间上,郑州地区PM_(2.5)高值区主要集中在郑州市市辖区、中牟县、新郑市、荥阳市以及巩义市西北等地区,低值区主要分布于登封市和巩义市南部的山地地区.在时间上,2004-2011年整个郑州地区PM_(2.5)质量浓度总体呈现逐年增长的趋势,直到2011年达到峰值(108.59μg/m3).2011年之后,该地区PM_(2.5)污染状况有所好转,但仍处于重度污染状态.季节变化方面,PM_(2.5)高值通常出现在冬季(149.28μg/m3),秋季次之,春、夏季该地区PM_(2.5)质量浓度较低(81.71μg/m3).研究结果表明,利用卫星数据可以有效地分析郑州地区的PM_(2.5)时空分布特征,为该地区的PM_(2.5)污染治理提供有力的数据和技术支撑.

Remote sensing can not only reflect the global atmosphere distribution, but also can monitor the air pollutants in an urban scale. In this paper, the PM2.5 data were generated from a statistical model based on the long- term （2004--2013） Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） level 2 aerosol products. We further analyzed the annual and seasonal PM2.5 variation over Zhengzhou area. Geographically, our results indicate that the high PM2.5 values locate in Zhengzhou municipal district, Zhongmou county, Xinzheng city, Xingyang city and the northwest of Gongyi city. In contrast, PM2.5 concentration is in a low level in the mountainous regions such as Dengfeng city and the south of Gongyi city. Annually, there is a steady increasing trend of PM2.5 throughout Zhengzhou area from 2004 to 2011, with the peak （108.59 μg/ma） at 2011. After 2011, the air condition in Zhengzhou area has been improved, but still remains at the state of severe pollution. Seasonally, the maximum and minimum PM2.4 values are respectively in winter （149.28 μg/m^3 ） and summer （81.71 μg/m^3 ）. Overall, remote PMa5 distribution, and support the PM2.5 control over.