从“两栖”到“三栖”:农民工生存方式的变化及其影响

From Amphibian to Triphibian:Change of Migrant Workers' Life Way and Its Influence

近年来,随着对农村和大城市适应能力的逐渐弱化,很多农民工选择了在农村老家的县城(或中心乡镇)另置房产,其生存方式也由原来的"两栖"向"三栖"转变。在"两栖"状态下,农民工"打工在城市,家在农村",而在"三栖"状态下,农民工则是"打工在城市,老家在农村,新家在县城(或中心乡镇)"。对于农民工而言,"三栖"生存代表着有资产、有家和贡献县城,具有不同于"两栖"生存的特殊意义。不仅如此,农民工的"三栖"生存,对于中国农村的家庭、社区乃至区域社会结构都产生广泛而深刻的冲击,其社会意义更加深远。

In recent years, under the background ot the weakemng ot adaptability to rural areas ana large crees, many migrant workers have chosen to purchase real estate in the county seat（or central township） of their home- town in rural areas. Their survival methods have also changed from the original ＂amphibious＂ to ＂triple amphibi ans＂. In the ＂amphibious＂ survival conditions, migrant workers ＂worked in the city, settled down in the country- side＂. However, in the ＂triphibious＂, they ＂worked in the city, with old home in the countryside, new home in the county seat （or central town）＂. For migrant workers, the ＂triple＇survival means that there are assets, homes and contributions to the county seat, with a different meaning from that of the ＂amphibious＂. Not only that, the migrant workers＇ ＂triple＂ survival has had extensive and profound impact on the family, community, and regional social structure of Chinas rural areas and its social significance has become far-reaching.