精准扶贫的政府嵌入机制反思——国家自主性的视角

Reflection on Embedded Mechanism of Precise Poverty Alleviation——Base on Standpoint of State Autonomy

精准扶贫不仅是国家特定政策的执行过程,也是国家通过扶贫资源再分配有效地融入基层社会,提升农村社会治理能力的过程。嵌入性机制设计是提升国家自主性和防止扶贫政策瞄准性偏离的必要手段。我国在精准扶贫中推出了3种嵌入机制:组织动员、干部驻村和项目下乡。嵌入性机制与乡村社会运行机制之间的冲突、嵌入性机制之间关系失调是扶贫资源分配中国家自主性流失的主要原因。国家嵌入式自主视域下的农村社会公共性建构和嵌入机制间协同是解决问题的主要出路。

Precise poverty alleviation is not only the implementation process of national policies but also the process of improving rural governance through effective allocation of poverty alleviation resources to the grass-roots society. The loss of national autonomy in the redistribution of poverty alleviation resources is an important reason for the aim of poverty reduction. The design of embedded mechanism is necessary to enhance national autonomy. The government has introduced three kinds of embedded mechanism in the precise poverty alleviation： organiza- tional mobilization, government functionary to stay at village and rural projects. The maladjustment between em- bedded mechanisms and rural social operation mechanism is the main reason for the loss of national autonomy. The construction of rural social commonality and the coordination between embedded mechanisms are the way to solve the problem.