职业类型和社会资本对农村中老年健康的影响

Effects of Job Type and Social Capital on Health of the Elder and Mid-aged in Rural Areas

从职业类型和社会资本视角入手,基于陕西农户调查数据,运用有序Logit模型考察欠发达地区中老年人自评健康状况的主要影响因素。结果表明:与非农生产者相比,从事农业生产的中老年人健康状况较差;社会资本对中老年健康影响显著;年龄对中老年人健康影响呈"U型",拐点在56岁;家庭收入对健康有正效应,而医疗支出的效应为负;参加新农合的中老年人健康状况较差,说明其参合行为可能存在道德风险。由此,建议关注农业生产者的身体健康,积极应对职业分化对农村人口健康管理的挑战,加强欠发达地区农村社会资本建设,切实提高农民收入以增强中老年家庭对疾病的抵御能力,并进一步完善新农合制度建设以防范道德风险。

Based on the aspects of job type and social capital, this paper discusses the determinants of self-rated health for the elder and mid-aged in less developed rural areas of China with ordinal logit model（OLM）. It shows that the health condition of agricultural labor is not optimistic. Social capital is statistically significant. Age effects on health describes U-shape pattern, inflection point at 56. The income has positive effect while medical expense is negative. The health conditions of farmers＇ who participated RCMS is comparatively poor, reflecting possible mor- al hazard. Some policy implications are suggested, such as to actively deal with of challenge job differentiation to farmers＇ health, to strengthen capital construction of rural areas, to raise the farmers＇ income and to improve the new rural medical care system.