“社会5.0”:日本超智慧社会的实现路径

"Society 5.0":The Way of Implementation of Japan's Super Smart Society

日本将超智慧社会更名为"社会5.0"具有全球标志性意义,相对于"工业互联网"和"工业4.0"的前瞻性,意在强调从解决社会问题出发,将劣势变为机遇,实现社会和经济同步发展。相比追赶期国家创新系统的封闭性而言,"社会5.0"强调协同创新的开放性,强调用户与厂商间的纵向联系,强调构建不断学习的社会体系,是全方位进化了的系统。但观察其实现路径,发展国家型色彩依旧浓厚,试图在政府主导下通过构建更具实用性的新型产官学关系与大学改革最终实现"社会5.0"。然而,此做法依然存在一定缺陷,如其对企业微观层面的变革意识明显不足等。未来,日本政府是继续进行更多的干预,还是致力于营造有利于竞争与创新的自由环境,将是愿景能否实现的关键。现实中,日本的经济改革举步维艰,是复杂的政治妥协结果,又是权衡短期景气与长期结构改革的产物,这也让日本"社会5.0"之路充满挑战。

＂Super Smart Society＂ was renamed ＂Society 5.0＂,which can be viewed as a mark of the development in the world.The new name lays emphasis on being more perspective than ＂Industrial Internet＂ and ＂Industry 4.0 ＂,aiming to solve social problems and to tum the disadvantages into commanding heights,so as to achieve the development of both the society and the economy.＂ Society 5.0＂ advocates the openness of coordinative innovation,instead of the closure of National Innovation Systems during the chasing period,and also advocates the vertical connection between users and producers as well as the construction of a society system which can continue improving.All in all,＂ Society 5.0＂ is a comprehensively evolved system.While the implementation way of ＂ Society 5.0 ＂ features the government-leading model that is typical in developed countries,focusing on the new ＂ university-industry-government＂ relation led by the government and the pragmatism during the university reform,enterprises,from the view of micro level,still need raising the consciousness of reform.In the future,whether Japanese government is going to adopt more interfering measures or to create an environment for continuing competitions and innovations will determine the outcome of ＂ Society 5.0＂.In reality,the fact that the reform of Japanese economy can hardly be promoted results from the complicated situation of political compromise and the consideration of balancing the short-term prosperousness and the long-term structure,which makes ＂ Society 5.0＂ very challenging.