仿生织构对材料表面的摩擦学性能影响研究现状与展望

Current Situation and Prospect of Study on Effect of Surface Texture on Tribological Properties of Materials

随着科学技术的不断发展与进步,飞机、高铁等已经成为人们日常出行的首选交通工具。然而由于速度的提高,对其中关键零部件配副的摩擦学性能的要求也越来越高,传统的材料或者加工方法已达不到要求。因此需要对材料表面进行改性。而表面织构技术可以有效的模仿自然界中超疏水植物叶片的表面结构,使得在材料表面实现自润滑效果,减少摩擦带来的耗损。基于此,主要介绍了自然界具有疏水性能的生物表面结构、织构化对金属表面、聚合物表面摩擦学性能的影响,并结合表面织构对材料表面的摩擦学性能影响研究现状,对表面织构技术对聚合物的摩擦学性能影响,以及减磨机理的研究做出了相应的展望。

With the continuous development and progress of science and technology,aircraft,high-speed rail and other people’s daily travel has become the preferred means of transportation. However,the demand of the key components and pairs’tribological properties are increasing,because of the raise speed. Traditional materials or processing methods have failed to meet the requirements, therefore,surface modification of materials is required. Surface texture technology can effectively mimic the surface structure of superhydrophobic plant leaves in nature. The self-lubricating effect is realized on the material surface and the wear caused by friction is reduced. Based on this, the structure of natural hydrophobic biological surface, the effect of texture on the tribological properties of metal surface and polymer surface,and the effect of texture on the tribological properties of metal surface and polymer surface were mainly introduced. According to the present situation of the study on the effect of surface texture on the tri-bological properties of materials, the influence of surface texture technology on the tribological properties of polymers and the study of wear reduction mechanism were prospected.