2015-2016年南昌市麻疹流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of measles' patients in 2015-2016 in Nanchang

目的分析南昌市2015-2016年麻疹流行病学特征,为麻疹防治与控制提供参考。方法对南昌市2015-2016年麻疹监测信息报告管理系统报告的麻疹确诊病例个案资料进行描述流行病学分析。结果 2015-2016年南昌市共报告麻疹病例159例,年平均发病率为1.52/10万。每年3~8月为麻疹高发期;散居儿童是麻疹高发人群;流动人口麻疹病例构成比多于户籍人口;麻疹发病年龄呈双峰,集中在5岁以下儿童和20~35岁青壮年;青山湖区和东湖区为全市麻疹病例高发区。小于8月龄的麻疹病例中,99.37%无麻疹疫苗免疫史。结论南昌市2015-2016年麻疹发病率趋于稳定,维持在低水平。目前要消除麻疹仍有很大挑战,需加强对流动人口的管理及对麻疹的年龄双峰分布特征提出科学策略。

Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of measles in Nanchang in 2015-2016 for prevention and control of measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiologic analysis was conducted by using the case based measles surveillance data in Nanchang in 2015-2016. Results A total of 159 measles cases were reported in Nanchang in 2015-2016. The average annual incidence of 1. 52/100 000. The incidence of measles was higher from March to August every year. Scattered children were the main population of measles cases. The incidence of the migrant population was significantly higher than that of registered population. The age of measles cases had two peaks： the children under five and the adults at age of 20 ～ 35. Qingshanhu District and Donghu District were the areas with high incidence. Among the cases aged 8 months,99. 37% were unvaccinated. Conclusion The incidence of measles in 2015-2016 in Nanchang was stable and remained at a low level,but it was still a great challenge to eliminate measles. To finally complete measles elimination in Nanchang,additional efforts were still needed,and different strategies targeting different age groups and areas should be considered.