会阴侧切术后发生切口感染的原因分析及产房护理干预措施探讨

Analysis of Incidence of Incision Infection after Perineal Resection and Exploration of Nursing Intervention Measures in Delivery Room

目的探讨会阴侧切术后发生切口感染的原因及产房护理干预措施的应用效果。方法将本院于2016年9月23日至2017年9月23日期间收治的会阴侧切术后发生切口感染患者49例作为本次研究中的感染组,将同期本院收治的会阴侧切术后无切口感染产妇98例作为本研究中的对照组。分析两组观察对象年龄、体质量、阴道检查次数、合并疾病、生殖道感染与否、备皮至侧切时间、胎膜早破、手术季节、病房情况、住院时间上的差异性,并进行对比处理,观察其与感染发生的相关性。结果经对比分析两组产妇的各临床资料发现,感染组产妇相较于对照组,其年龄更大(≥35岁)、体质量更大(≥28.0kg/m^2)、阴道检查次数(2.64±0.58)更多、存在生殖道感染与胎膜早破、备皮时间以及住院时间更长,且手术季节集中于夏季,病房条件较差,为多人病房,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。以上因素均属于会阴侧切术后发生切口感染的主要危险因素。结论会阴侧切术后,导致切口感染发生的因素较多,临床应针对以上危险影响进行分析,并给予合理的产房护理干预措施,提高产妇的安全性。

Objective To investigate the causes of incision infection after episiotomy and the effect of delivery room nursing interventions. Methods 49 patients with incision infection who underwent perineal excision in our hospital from September 23, 2016 to September 23, 2017 were selected as the infection group in this study. 49 cases of non-incision infection maternal post-operation as the control group in this study. The differences of age, body mass, times of vaginal examination, combined disease, reproductive tract infection, prepuce to excision, premature rupture of membranes, operation season, ward and length of hospital stay were analyzed and compared between the two groups, the correlation with the occurrence of infection was observed. Results After comparing the clinical data of two groups of maternal women, it was found that in the infection group, the maternal age was greater（ ≥ 35 years）, the body weight was greater（ ≥ 28.0 kg/m^2）, the number of vaginal examination（2.64 ± 0.58） was more. The existence of reproductive tract infection and premature rupture of membranes, skin preparation time and hospitalization time was longer, and the operation season is concentrated in the summer, the ward condition is poor, it is a multi-person ward, and the difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The above factors are the main risk factors for incision infection after episiotomy. Conclusion There are many factors that lead to incision infection after episiotomy, clinical analysis should be conducted according to the above risk factors, and reasonable maternity nursing interventions should be given to improve maternal safety.